Question 1

What is anxiety?

Accepted Answer

A feeling of impending doom/disaster from some source

(tension, agitation, apprehension, sweating, increased heart rate, worry, distractibility)

Question 2

What is panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

When an individual experiences recurring panic attacks

(intense anxiety, chest pain, muscles tighten, choking, sweating)

Question 3

How could you tell if someone has panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

If someone has more than ~3 panic attacks within 6-months

Question 4

What is generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

When an individual has symptoms of anxiety for at least 6 months

(similar to panic disorder, but less intense and more spread out; trouble sleeping, hypervigilant, difficulty concentrating)

Question 5

What are phobias?

Accepted Answer

An intense or irrational fear of some stimulus

(1/20 people suffer from some phobia)

Question 6

What is the difference between a fear and a phobia?

Accepted Answer

Fear turns into a phobia when it becomes irrational and disrupts the person's daily life

Question 7

What are obsessions?

Accepted Answer

Persistent and unwanted thoughts that an individual cannot get out of their mind

(often repugnant and uncontrollable)

Question 8

What are compulsions?

Accepted Answer

Repetitive and ritualistic behaviors an individual feels obliged to do to fill an obsession

(handwashing, counting, checking, touching)

Question 9

What is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

A mental illness that causes repeated obsessions or compulsions

Question 10

What is hoarding disorder?

Accepted Answer

A consistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions because of a perceived need to save them

Question 11

What is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Accepted Answer

A disorder where people who have experienced a traumatic event have consistent flashbacks, where they relive the event

Question 12

What is somatic symptom disorder (SSD)?

Accepted Answer

A disorder where the individual feels extreme and exaggerated anxiety about physical symptoms

(intense thoughts about the symptoms that interfere with everyday life)

Question 13

What is illness anxiety disorder (IAD)?

Accepted Answer

A disorder where the individual is concerned they have a serious illness, with only minor symptoms

(becomes a disorder when the concern is persistent and disruptive to normal life)

Question 14

What is conversion disorder?

Accepted Answer

A disorder where an individual loses a bodily function, without physical damage to their body

(becomes blind, deaf, or paralyzed; typically due to extreme stress)

Question 15

What is dissociative amnesia (DA)?

Accepted Answer

A random loss of memory for a specific topic, specifically if it is traumatic

(only DA if there is no other explanation)

Question 16

What is dissociative fugue?

Accepted Answer

A psychological state where an individual forgets their identity and often leaves their home through some unexpected travel

(all skills/knowledge remains; often caused by abundant stress or danger)

Question 17

What is dissociative identity disorder (DID)?

Accepted Answer

A disorder where there are two or more distinct personalities in the same individual

(formerly called multiple personality disorder; most common in victims of physical/sexual abuse at a young age)

Question 18

What is major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

A disorder where an individual has a persistent depressed mood or loss of interest in activities causing impairment in everyday life

Question 19

What is premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)?

Accepted Answer

A disorder that causes severe irritability, depression, or anxiety in the week before a woman starts her menses

(similar to premenstrual syndrome, but more severe)

Question 20

What is learned helplessness?

Accepted Answer

A condition where the individual feels powerless, arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed

Question 21

What is Beck's cognitive triad?

Accepted Answer

A view of depression, where the individual has uncontrollable negative thoughts about

the self

the world/environment

the future

Question 22

What are the two stages of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mania: extreme happiness, energy, and clarity

Depression: sadness, fatigue, and confusion

Question 23

What is psychosis?

Accepted Answer

A condition that causes reality distortion with highly disordered thought processes

(schizophrenia is a common example)

Question 24

What is schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A disorder where the individual experiences hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thought/speech/motor behavior

Question 25

What is a main biological cause of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Too much dopamine

Question 26

What are delusions?

Accepted Answer

Illogical and bizarre ideas or fantasies

(symptom of schizophrenia; delusions of grandeur, delusions of persecution)

Question 27

What are hallucinations?

Accepted Answer

Sensory perceptions that appear real, but are created by your mind

(symptom of schizophrenia)

Question 28

What is catatonia?

Accepted Answer

A disorder with abnormal movements, such as immobility or rigidity

Question 29

What is catatonic excitement?

Accepted Answer

Periods of extreme and dangerous restlessness as a part of catatonic schizophrenia

Question 30

What is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Accepted Answer

A common childhood disorder that makes it hard for an individual to pay attention, stay focused, and control behavior

(mostly affects men)

Question 31

What is autism spectrum disorder (ADS)?

Accepted Answer

A category of disorders that often involved a lack of responsiveness to others, impairment in communications, and limited activities/interests

Autism disorder

Asperger's disorder

Childhood disintegrative disorder

Persuasive developmental disorder

(often engage in hand flapping or repeating sounds; more common in boys)

Question 32

What are personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

A disorder where an individual has a longstanding and unhealthy way of thinking or acting

Question 33

What are the three clusters of personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Odd/eccentric (paranoid schizoid, schizotypal)

Dramatic/emotionally problematic (histrionic, narcissistic, borderline, antisocial)

Chronic fearfulness/avoidant (avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive)

Question 34

What is paranoid personality disorder (PPD)?

Accepted Answer

A disorder with pervasive mistrust, overly sensitive, and often envious

(more common in males)

Question 35

What is schizoid personality disorder (SPD/SzPD)?

Accepted Answer

A disorder with a lack of interest in forming social relationships and a tendency towards shy, withdrawn behavior

(more common in males)

Question 36

What is schizotypal personality disorder

Accepted Answer

Disorder with odd thinking, unusual perceptions, and mild symptoms of schizophrenia

Question 37

What is histrionic personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Disorder with excessive drama, attention-seeking, overreacting, and egocentrism

(more common in females)

Question 38

What is narcissistic personality disorder (NPD)?

Accepted Answer

Disorder with unrealistic self-importance, fantasies about success/fame/wealth, lack of empathy, and an inability to take criticism

(more common in males)

Question 39

What is borderline personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Disorder with emotional instability, impulsivity, unpredictability, and a proneness to boredom

(more common in females)

Question 40

What is antisocial personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Disorder where the individual violates other's rights without guilt/remorse, and is manipulative, exploitive, irresponsible and possibly charming

Much more likely to commit violent crime

(more common in males)

Question 41

What is avoidant personality disorder (AVPD)?

Accepted Answer

Disorder characterized by enduring feelings of inadequacy and exessive sensitivity to potential rejection

Question 42

What is dependent personality disorder (DPD)?

Accepted Answer

Disorder characterized by an excessive lack of self-confidence and a feeling of submissiveness and helplessness

(more common in females)

Question 43

What is obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD)?

Accepted Answer

Disorder characterized by an obsession with rules, lists, schedules, and order

Question 44

What are neurocognitive/organic disorders?

Accepted Answer

Disorders characterized by a decline in cognitive function, such as learning, memory, and language

(Alzheimer's)

Question 45

What is Alzheimer's disease (AD)?

Accepted Answer

A fatal degenerative disease where neurons progressively die, causing a loss in memory, reasoning, and emotion

(more common in females)

Question 46

What is delirium?

Accepted Answer

An abrupt change in the brain that causes impaired attention and a lack of situational awareness

(possibly caused by alcohol withdrawal, after surgery, or with dementia)

Disorders, AP Psychology Flashcards