Question 1

How can liquids be separated?

Accepted Answer

Chromatography and distillation

(filtration doesn't work)

Question 2

What is chromatography?

Accepted Answer

A technique used to separate dyes and pigments

Question 3

What is the stationary phase in chromatography?

Accepted Answer

The substance that remains in place (the chromatography paper)

Question 4

What is the mobile phase in chromatography?

Accepted Answer

The substance that moves (generally some type of alchohol)

Question 5

What are the steps to chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Dye containing a mixture of pigments is spotted at the bottom of the chromatography paper

End of the paper is placed into a solution (mobile phase)

As the mobile phase moves up the stationary phase, the components of the mixture separate

Question 6

What happens to components that are more attracted to the mobile phase in chromatography?

Accepted Answer

More attracted = Move further up the paper

(polar = polar substances move further up, and vice versa)

Question 7

What are  values in chromatography?

Accepted Answer

A measure used to compare compounds and how far they traveled

Question 8

What is distillation?

Accepted Answer

A process used to separate liquids with different boiling points

Question 9

How does distillation work?

Accepted Answer

Liquids are heated in a distillation apparatus

Mixtures with higher vapor pressures (weaker IMFs) will evaporate first

Vapors are cooled and re-condense in a collecting chamber

(9) Distillation & Chromatography, AP Chemistry Flashcards