Question 1

Who is Muhammad?

Accepted Answer

The prophet and founder of Islam

Question 2

What was Muhammad's original profession?

Accepted Answer

He was a merchant

Question 3

Who were the Abbasids?

Accepted Answer

Members of the Abbasid Caliphate who ruled Baghdad

Question 4

What was the Abbasid Caliphate?

Accepted Answer

A powerful Islamic empire in the Middle East

Question 5

What is the House of Wisdom?

Accepted Answer

An intellectual center in Baghdad during the Islamic Golden Age

Question 6

Why was the House of Wisdom important?

Accepted Answer

Helped transfer knowledge throughout Afro-Eurasia

Question 7

Who were the Egyptian Mamluks?

Accepted Answer

Slaves bought by Arabs (Mamluks were usually ethnic Turks and Central Asians)

Question 8

What was the Mamluk Sultanate?

Accepted Answer

An Egyptian government, formed after Mamluk slaves seized control from the Abbasids

Question 9

Why were Egyptian Mamluks able to seize the government?

Accepted Answer

They had more opportunities than other enslaved people

Question 10

Who were the Seljuk Turks?

Accepted Answer

Turkish-Muslims that captured parts of the Middle East, posing a threat to the Abbasids (also captured land all the way to Western China)

Question 11

Why did European Christians form the Crusaders?

Accepted Answer

Regain access to holy sites in and around Jerusalem

Question 12

How did Seljuk Turks prompt the creation of the Crusaders?

Accepted Answer

The Seljuk Turks limited access to holy sites (unlike the Abbasids, who allowed free access)

Question 13

What four groups attacked the Abbasid Empire?

Accepted Answer

Egyptian Mamluks, Seljuk Turks, Crusaders, Mongols

Question 14

Why did Baghdad fall?

Accepted Answer

Trade began to shift north, causing it to lose money

Question 15

What were the three main contributions of Islamic scholars?

Accepted Answer

Saved Greek classics (by translating them into Arabic)

Transferred Indian mathematical knowledge to Europe

Adopted paper-making from China, which spread to Europe

Question 16

Who was Nasir al-Din al-Tusi?

Accepted Answer

A scholar in Baghdad who contributed to many fields (mostly astronomy and math)

Question 17

Who was 'A'ishah al-Ba'uniyyah?

Accepted Answer

A famous female Muslim writer and poet

Question 18

Who were the "People of the Book"?

Accepted Answer

Muslims, Jews, and Christians were regarded as "people of the book" by Muslims

Question 19

How did the Islamic Empire influence the scientific revolution in Europe?

Accepted Answer

Transferred knowledge from China and India to Europe

1.2 - Dar al-Islam, AP World History: Modern Flashcards