Question 1

What was the Muslim League (All-India Muslim League)?

Accepted Answer

A political party in India, during British rule, that advocated for a separate nation for Indian Muslims

(led to the creation of Pakistan)

Question 2

Why did Muslims and Hindu often distrust each other when fighting for independence?

Accepted Answer

There had always been religious tensions, dating back to the 8th century when Muslims began to invade Hindu Kingdoms

Question 3

What did Kwame Nkrumah do after Ghana's independence?

Accepted Answer

Emulated national traditions based off the US (founding fathers, ...) and did a number of public works (museums)

Also turned into a one-party state, making him mostly a dictator

Question 4

How did Ghana become independent?

Accepted Answer

The Gold Coast and other colonies gained independence from Britain, merging to form Ghana

Kwame Nkrumah took office afterward, in 1960

Question 5

What was the Organization of African Unity?

Accepted Answer

An organization founded by Nkrumah to support Pan-Africanism

Question 6

What was the Algerian War for Independence?

Accepted Answer

A bloody war for independence against France in Algeria, 1954

(the French government insisted Algeria was part of France, but Algerians fiercely fought against French rule)

Question 7

What is the National Liberation Front in Algeria (FLN)?

Accepted Answer

A nationalist political party in Algeria that led Algerian independence movements against the French

(instrumental in the Algerian War for Independence)

Question 8

What happened after Algeria gained independence?

Accepted Answer

War broke out again, causing many to free the country into France

The first Algerian president was also overthrown, making Algeria a single-party socialist state

Question 9

Who was Charles de Gaulle?

Accepted Answer

Former French president who fought to free France from the Nazis

(also granted independence to Algeria)

Question 10

What was the Algerian Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A civil war in Algeria where various Islamic groups rebelled against the FLN

(1991-2002; the Islamic Salvation Front won an election, but that election was cancelled)

Question 11

How did decolonization compare in Ghana and Algeria?

Accepted Answer

Algeria gained independence through violent rebellion, while Ghana gained independence through non-violent protests

Greater religious conflicts in Algeria, following its independence

Question 12

How did most French West African countries become independent?

Accepted Answer

Most of them negotiated independence with France

(similar to what Britain did)

Question 13

Who was Ho Chi Minh?

Accepted Answer

Communist leader of North Vietnam, who used nationalism to attempt to unite the country under communism

(France attempted to reestablish its rule following this, causing Vietnam to split into North and South sections)

Question 14

Who were the Viet Cong?

Accepted Answer

South Vietnamese who supported the Communists and fought against US troops

Question 15

How was the Republic of Egypt established?

Accepted Answer

Gamal Abdel Nasser and Muhammad Naguib overthrew the king in 1952

Naguib became the 1st president and Nasser the 2nd

Question 16

What happened during the Suez Crisis?

Accepted Answer

Nasser seized the Suez Canal and Isreal invaded Egypt in response, as ordered by Britain and France

The US and Soviet Union opposed the British and French, and it was agreed for the canal to be open to all nations, under the sovereignty of Egypt

(Soviet Union threatened to nuke Britain, France, and Isreal; US threatened the economy of all three as well)

Question 17

What was the Nigerian Civil War (Biafran Civil War)?

Accepted Answer

A civil war in Nigeria, where the Igbos attempted to secede from the Northern government and form a new nation, Biafra

(failed and attempts were made to unify Nigeria)

Question 18

What was the Quiet Revolution?

Accepted Answer

A period of social and political change in Québec, that aimed to separate Québec from the rest of Canada

(Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau was able to preserve unity; a 1995 referendum for independence narrowly failed)

8.5 - Decolonization, AP World History: Modern Flashcards