Question 1

Who was Ronald Reagan?

Accepted Answer

Former American president, who helped bring the Cold War to an end

Question 2

Who is Mikhail Gorbachev?

Accepted Answer

Last leader of the Soviet Union who helped end the Soviet Union's control over Eastern Europe, ending the Cold War

Question 3

How did the Cold War end?

Accepted Answer

Gorbachev was ousted in a coup, ending the rivalry between the US and Soviet Union

(some countries still called themselves communist)

Question 4

What was détente?

Accepted Answer

A period of relaxation between the US and Soviet Union

Question 5

What was the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)?

Accepted Answer

An agreement between Nixon and Brezhnev to freeze the number of ICBMs each power could keep

(sign of détente)

Question 6

What difficulties did the Soviet Union and the US face at the end of the war?

Accepted Answer

The Soviet economy was poor and its satellites were rebelling

The US economy suffered as Nixon poured troops into the Vietnam War

Question 7

What was the Strategic Defense Initiative?

Accepted Answer

A missile defense system proposed by Reagan to defend the US from Soviet missiles

(Soviets saw this as the beginning of an arms race in space)

Question 8

What was the Soviet-Afghan War?

Accepted Answer

A conflict where Muslim fighters fought against Afghanistan's communist government which the Soviets supported

(Soviet army lost to the guerilla tactics, causing them to withdraw)

Question 9

What was perestroika?

Accepted Answer

Attempts by Gorbachev to restructure the Soviet economy to allow free trade

(counterpart to glasnost; Russian for "rebuilding")

Question 10

What was glasnost?

Accepted Answer

Gorbachev's policy of opening Soviet society by granting more freedom

(counterpart to perestroika; Russian for "openness")

Question 11

What was the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF)?

Accepted Answer

A treaty between the US and Soviet Union to restrict intermediate-range nuclear weapons

Question 12

Why did the Soviet Union Collapse?

Accepted Answer

Democratic reforms swept across Eastern Europe

The Warsaw Pack dissolved

Gorbachev's reforms led to his downfall and the end of the Soviet Union on December 26 1991

8.8 - End of the Cold War, AP World History: Modern Flashcards