Question 1

What does the Establishment Clause do?

Accepted Answer

Prohibits Congress from making a law "respecting the establishment of religion"

(1st Amendment)

Question 2

How does Engel v. Vitale (1962) relate to the Establishment Clause?

Accepted Answer

It questioned whether prayer in school violated the Establishment Clause

Question 3

What is the lemon test?

Accepted Answer

To not violate the Establishment Clause, a law must:

have a secular (non-religious) purpose

not inhibit or advance a religion

not foster excessive government entanglement with religion

Question 4

What does the Free Exercise Clause do?

Accepted Answer

Protects the right of anyone to practice any religion

(1st Amendment)

Question 5

How does Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) connect to the Free Exercise Clause?

Accepted Answer

It questioned whether forcing parents to send their children to school violated the Free Exercise Clause

Question 6

What is pure speech?

Accepted Answer

Communication through spoken or written words

(most protection by courts)

Question 7

What is symbolic speech?

Accepted Answer

Nonverbal and nonwritten forms of communication

(flag burning, wearing armbands, burning draft cards)

Question 8

What is speech plus?

Accepted Answer

Pure speech and symbolic speech used together

Question 9

How does Schenck v. US (1919) connect to freedom of speech?

Accepted Answer

It questioned whether the Espionage Act violated Schenck's 1st Amendment right to freedom of speech

Question 10

How does Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) connect to freedom of speech?

Accepted Answer

It questioned whether wearing armbands in school (symbolic speech) was protected by the 1st Amendment

Question 11

What is prior restraint?

Accepted Answer

Preventing material from being published before it is published because it is harmful

(1st Amendment heavily restricts prior restraint)

Question 12

How does New York Times v. US (1971) connect to freedom of speech?

Accepted Answer

It questioned whether the prior restraint on the NYT violated the 1st Amendment

Question 13

What does the First Amendment guarantee regarding assembly and petition?

Accepted Answer

The "right of the people peacefully to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances"

Question 14

What are some Constitutional limits on the right of assembly?

Accepted Answer

The government may require protesters to get a permit, and police may disperse violent demonstrations to keep the peace

Question 15

How does McDonald v. Chicago (2010) relate to the right to bear arms?

Accepted Answer

It questioned whether Chicago's handgun ban violated the 2nd Amendment right to bear arms

Freedoms, AP U.S. Government and Politics Flashcards