Question 1

What is biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

The variety of of life within a habitat or ecosystem

Question 2

What is genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

The variation of genes within individual species

Question 3

What is species diversity?

Accepted Answer

The number of different species in an ecosystem and the relative abundance of those species

(species richness and species evenness)

Question 4

What is habitat diversity? (ecosystem diversity)

Accepted Answer

The variability of habitats within a given geographic area

Question 5

What is species richness?

Accepted Answer

The total number of species in an area

Question 6

What is species evenness?

Accepted Answer

How evenly distributed the species in a given area are

Question 7

What is genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

The change of a population's genetic composition over time as a result of random mating

Question 8

What are mutations?

Accepted Answer

Random changes in genetic code that occur due to errors in the copying process

Question 9

What is gene flow?

Accepted Answer

The process of individuals moving from one population to another and altering the genetic composition of both populations as a result

Question 10

What is the bottleneck effect?

Accepted Answer

A reduction in a population's genetic diversity caused by a reduction of its size

(occurs when only a few individuals survive a catastrophe)

Question 11

What is the founder effect?

Accepted Answer

When only a few individuals from an old population colonize a new, isolated habitat

(the new habitat has much lower genetic diversity)

2.1 Introduction to Biodiversity, AP Environmental Science Flashcards