Question 1

What is the divine right of kings?

Accepted Answer

A claim that kings are sent to rule by God

Question 2

What were the justices of peace?

Accepted Answer

Officials in 1500s England that maintained peace and enacted laws

Question 3

Who were the Tudors?

Accepted Answer

A powerful Welsh-English family that ruled England for 118 years

(Shakespeare, Henry VIII, and Elizabeth I were all Tudors)

Question 4

What was the English Bill of Rights?

Accepted Answer

A bill assuring individual civil liberties and gave the Parliament power over the monarchy

(signed in 1689 by William III and Mary II)

Question 5

What does it mean for a government to be absolute?

Accepted Answer

It has very centralized power, often directed by a king with complete authority

Question 6

Who was Cardinal Richelieu?

Accepted Answer

A French minister that further centralized the French government

(made it more absolute)

Question 7

What are intendants?

Accepted Answer

Royal officials in the former French government

(carried out government policy; sometimes referred to as "tax farmers")

Question 8

Who was Louis XIV?

Accepted Answer

A powerful French King that became a virtual dictator and made France the most powerful European country

(built Palace of Versailles; also referred to as "The Sun King")

Question 9

How did Louis XIV eventually weaken the French government?

Accepted Answer

He and his successors refused to share power

Question 10

What is serfdom?

Accepted Answer

The state of being a serf/peasant

Question 11

How did Ivan the Terrible control the boyars?

Accepted Answer

Created a paramilitary called the oprichnina

(later guided the development of the Russian secret-police)

Question 12

What was the Romanov Dynasty?

Accepted Answer

An imperial dynasty that ruled Russia after Ivan the Terrible died

Question 13

Who was Peter I / Peter the Great?

Accepted Answer

A Russian tsar that modernized Russia

(revamped calender, alphabet, and reduced power of Orthodox Church)

Question 14

What is the devshirme?

Accepted Answer

An Ottoman practice that required conquered lands to give boys to be soldiers

(the soldiers taken were usually Christians from the Balkans)

Question 15

What were Janissaries?

Accepted Answer

Elite forces in the Ottoman Army

(composed of boys taken using the devshirme system)

Question 16

How did Portugal influence Japan?

Accepted Answer

Portuguese traders sold guns to Japan, which allowed certain groups to take control of the government

(specifically, the daimyo Oda Nobunaga and his samurai unified around 1/3 of Japan)

Question 17

Who was Tokugawa Ieyasu?

Accepted Answer

A Japanese daimyo who was declared shogun and ruled Japan in the 1600s

(created the Tokugawa shogunate)

Question 18

What was the Period of Great Peace in Japan?

Accepted Answer

A period of stability and peace in Japan, following Ieyasu's rule

Question 19

What were shogun?

Accepted Answer

Japanese military dictators

Question 20

What did the Tokugawa shogunate do to Japan?

Accepted Answer

Centralized the daimyo system, giving power from the daimyo to the shogunate

Question 21

Why was Akbar so successful?

Accepted Answer

Created an efficient government and fair laws

(after him the government became more corrupt)

Question 22

What were zamindars?

Accepted Answer

Mughal government officials that collected taxes

(established by Akbar; became corrupt after Akbar died)

Question 23

Who was Askia the Great?

Accepted Answer

A west-African leader that made Songhai the largest west-African kingdom

Question 24

Who was Shah Jahan?

Accepted Answer

A Mughal shah that ruled in the 1600s and built the Taj Mahal

3.2 - Governments of Land-based Empires, AP World History: Modern Flashcards