Question 1

How was smallpox eliminated?

Accepted Answer

In the 1960s, the WHO conducted a global vaccination campaign, completely eradicating the disease

(very small samples are kept under tight control)

Question 2

What is malaria?

Accepted Answer

A parasitic disease spread by mosquitoes in tropical areas

(~400,000 deaths per year, primarily in young African children; vaccines are under research)

Question 3

What is Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières)?

Accepted Answer

An international organization that treats disease, primarily in developing countries

Question 4

What is an NGO?

Accepted Answer

Non-governmental organization

(organizations that aren't under government control)

Question 5

What is tuberculosis (TB)?

Accepted Answer

An airborne infection that spreads through coughs/sneezes and affects the lungs, primarily affecting impoverished countries

(~1.4 million deaths per year)

Question 6

What is cholera?

Accepted Answer

A bacterial disease that spreads through contaminated water, causing fatal diarrhea and dehydration

(~100,000 deaths per year; primarily in developing countries)

Question 7

What is polio?

Accepted Answer

A disease transmitted through contaminated water, resulting in paralysis and sometimes death

(rapidly declined after a vaccine was introduced; most cases are in places such as Pakistan and Afghanistan)

Question 8

Who were Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin?

Accepted Answer

Two medical researchers who created vaccines for polio, greatly reducing the number of cases per year

Question 9

What is HIV/AIDS?

Accepted Answer

Diseases that weaken the immune system, causing people to succumb to other illnesses

Contracted through exchanging bodily fluids, such as unprotected sex

Question 10

What are antiretroviral drugs?

Accepted Answer

Drugs that can stop HIV from weakening the immune system, allowing the patient to live a somewhat normal life

(initially very expensive, making it hard for impoverished patients; Brazil was an exception, providing antiretroviral drugs to anyone who needed them)

Question 11

What is ebola?

Accepted Answer

A deadly disease that causes severe bleeding, organ failure, and often death

(large outbreak in 2014 was contained by the WHO)

Question 12

What is heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Several types of diseases that affect the cardiovascular system

Question 13

What is a heart transplant?

Accepted Answer

An operation where a failing heart is replaced with a healthy heart, helping fight heart disease

(first performed by Christiaan Barnard)

Question 14

What is an artificial heart?

Accepted Answer

A temporary device that can replace a heart, while a patient waits for a compatible human heart

(designed by Robert Jarvik)

Question 15

What is Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A form of dementia that causes loss of memory and body function, primarily affecting the eldery

9.2 - Technological Advances and Limitations, AP World History: Modern Flashcards